What Year Did the Royal Family Start in Spain?
A Brief, Intriguing History of the Spanish Royal Family unit
You're probably familiar with the British monarchy. But, did you know that the Spanish royal family unit is a European monarchy with a fascinating history, too?
The monarchy of Espana is called "The Crown" in the Spanish constitution, and it is the highest part in the land. Keep reading to acquire more than nigh the long and sordid history of the Spanish royal family!
Spanish Royal Family unit History: Marriage of the Cosmic Monarchs
In 1469, Principe Fernando (Prince Ferdinand) of Aragon married Princesa Isabela (Princess Isabella) of Castile. They were the heirs to the thrones of the ii biggest kingdoms on the Iberian peninsula. Thus, this marriage laid the groundwork for modernistic Spain (every bit well as the Castilian royal family).
All the same, the story is a bit more complicated than that. When Isabella'south half-brother (Henry Iv of Castile) died in 1474, a argue over who should succeed the throne occurred. Henry IV'due south daughter, Joanna, had married the king of Portugal, and she claimed that she was the rightful heir.
Isabella claimed that Joanna was the illegitimate daughter of a duke and therefore not eligible to inherit anything. A bloody battle ensued that ended with Queen Isabella victorious. She and then conquered Granada in January 1492 and annexed it to her kingdom.
Announcing that Jews and Muslims had to convert to the Roman Cosmic Church or exit Spain, Queen Isabella launched the Spanish Inquisition in an effort to make sure that the new Catholics had quit observing their old religions. Of course, 1492 is likewise notorious for beingness the year that the Castilian monarchy sent Columbus on his voyage across the Atlantic.
The Spanish Empire in the Americas
The brutal empire would eventually flood Spain with stolen New World argent and help brand the new country a major global power. Isabella died well before that, in 1504, leaving Castile to her girl, Joanna of Castile.
Nevertheless, Isabella's married man was still live. Ferdinand had grown fond of being Male monarch, and didn't want to give up the position. He remained "regent" until his death in 1516, at terminal leaving Joanna as sole ruler of Kingdom of spain.
Joanna's son, Charles, had been built-in in Belgium and raised in that location by his aunt in the House of Habsburg. After his granddaddy Ferdinand's death, Charles set sail for Spain. Upon inflow, he met with his mother, declared her to exist mentally ill and locked her in a convent where she spent the remainder of her life.
Castilian Regal Family unit History: Habsburg Monarchy
One time reigning in Spain as King Carlos I, he proceeded to bribe some prominent Germans and had himself elected Holy Roman Emperor. This new role, as Charles V, gave him power over a vast portion of cardinal Europe. At the same time, his conquistadors Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizarro gave him a massive and rich empire in the Americas.
Still, Charles viewed his reign as a failure. The Indians in his newly-won empire in the Americas were being enslaved and slaughtered by the conquistadors. Meanwhile in Europe, Martin Luther decisively split the Christian church into Protestant and Cosmic factions. Hungary roughshod to the Ottoman Turks. Charles Five saw it all as his fault since it happened during his reign.
Philip of the Philippines
In old age and sickness, Charles 5 decided to abdicate. He made his brother Holy Roman Emperor and gave Spain, southern Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, and the Americas to his son Philip. Philip took the throne of Spain as Philip 2 (Felipe II).
(Side note: This is the "Philip" for whom the Philippines were named, having been conquered by the Spanish during his reign. Meet: The Spanish-Speaking History of The Philippines for more war-torn details.)
Philip's married woman was Queen Mary I of England. However, by at present his family'southward pattern of collecting kingdoms had become clear, and England had no desire to be absorbed into Kingdom of spain. Hence, Parliament declared Philip to be "King IN England" rather than "King OF England." This meant that when Mary died, the English language throne didn't become to her husband, but instead passed to her sister, Elizabeth.
Philip tried to propose to Elizabeth, but the icy "Virgin Queen" had no interest in him. This initiated a rivalry between England and Spain that ended with the Spanish Fleet being crushed by the English. In the concurrently, Philip Ii had himself crowned King of Portugal.
More Felipes and a Carlos
When Philip 2 died, his domains passed to his son Philip III, who in turn passed them to his son Philip IV. Philip 4 managed to lose both Portugal and Holland to revolutionaries before passing the rest of his domains on to his son, Carlos Two.
Unfortunately, Carlos II was handicapped both mentally and physically and died without an heir. He alleged in his will that his nearest male relative, the 16-yr old French prince Philippe d'Anjou, would succeed him as King of Espana.
Spanish Royal Family History: War of the Spanish Succession
The young French prince becoming king of Spain was problematic. Philippe d'Anjou was the grandson of Rex Louis Xiv of France, making it likely that the thrones of France and Spain would unite. Fears that such a union would exist besides powerful led many of Europe's powers to course an alliance to terminate Philippe from taking the Spanish throne.
The result was the 13-yr-long War of the Castilian Succession. Somewhen, Philippe was crowned Philip V of Spain—but only upon meeting sure conditions. He gave Kingdom of belgium and southern Italy to Austria and promised that the thrones of French republic and Espana could never be united.
Just xi years later, he handed the throne to his son, Louis, who died of smallpox after a reign of just vii months. Philip V decided to return, and he reigned until his death in 1746.
Philip was succeeded past his son, Ferdinand Half dozen. When Ferdinand'southward wife died, he sunk into a deep low and died soon afterwards. The throne passed to his brother, Charles, who had re-conquered southern Italian republic and was ruling as king there.
Spanish Royal Family History: The Napoleonic Era
Charles returned to Spain as King Carlos III and, afterward his decease, was succeeded by his second son, Carlos IV. After a reign that included economic depression and popular revolt, he handed the throne to his son Ferdinand VII in 1808.
The new king wanted Spain to ally with the British against Napoleon Bonaparte. So, Napoleon'south armies promptly marched in and captured Ferdinand 7, locking him upwardly for six years. Napoleon alleged that his brother Joseph was now King Jose I of Spain. Not surprisingly, the people of Kingdom of spain rejected this and revolted against the French.
The rebel leaders declared Spain a constitutional monarchy with the imprisoned Ferdinand VII as its king. Finally, with British help, Kingdom of spain regained independence. Joseph Bonaparte fled to the U.S., and Ferdinand Vii reclaimed his throne.
In September 1873, the First Spanish Commonwealth was founded. However, a coup d'état quickly restored the monarchy the following twelvemonth.
The "Reign" of Franco
In 1931, elections led to victories for candidates favoring an cease to the monarchy and the establishment of a republic. The king at the fourth dimension, Alfonso Thirteen, went into exile but did non forsake. The Spanish Ceremonious War began in 1936 and ended in 1939 with the victory of Full general Francisco Franco and his coalition of Nationalists.
After 16 years without monarchy or kingdom, in 1947, Franco made Spain a kingdom again. The fascist dictator ruled the nation as "Head of state of the Kingdom of Spain through the Police of Succession," until his expiry in 1975.
Modern Spanish Royal Family History
Spain'south Male monarch Juan Carlos ascended the throne in 1975, two days subsequently Franco'southward death. His wife, Queen Sofia, was born a Greek princess. Married in 1962, they had two daughters and a son.
In 2014, King Juan Carlos abdicated the throne in the face of public repercussions of a corruption investigation. His son became King Felipe Half-dozen on June nineteen, 2014. The heir to the throne is Felipe's eldest child, Princess Leonor. Despite the abdication, King Juan Carlos and Queen Sofia retained the titles of king and queen. In 2020, amidst scandal, Juan Carlos went into exile in the Dominican Commonwealth.
Spanish Royal Family Vocabulary
Now that y'all know all about the history of the Spanish monarchy, here are some related vocabulary words to learn.
Nouns
la realeza – royalty, royal family unit
la familia real – the purple family
el rey – rex
la reina – the queen
la corona – crown
el jefe/la jefa del estado – head of land
el reino, el imperio – kingdom
el trono – throne
el palacio – palace
la autoridad – potency
la princesa – princess
el príncipe – prince
la duquesa – duchess
el duque – knuckles
los súbditos – subjects (ruled over)
el monarquismo – monarchism
la monocracia – monocracy (rule of government past one person)
Verbs
reinar – to reign
abdicar – to abdicate
instaurar – to found
imperar, gobernar – to rule
decretar, ordenar – to decree
Adjectives
anticuado/a – outdated
real – regal
regio – regal
elegante – elegant
rico/a – rich
sofisticado/a – sophisticated, fancy
Give Yourself the Royal Treatment
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Want to larn more fascinating facts almost Spanish history? Check out these posts!
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Michelle Margaret Fajkus is a bilingual writer and longtime yoga teacher. A quondam advertizement copywriter turned bilingual elementary school teacher, she is at present a freelance writer, editor and translator. A native Texan, Michelle has Mexican roots and learned Castilian in heart and loftier school. She has become more fluent thank you to living every bit an expat in Guatemala. She lives with her family on cute Lake Atitlan.
Source: https://www.spanish.academy/blog/a-brief-intriguing-history-of-the-spanish-royal-family/
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